Human osteology : comprising a description of the bones ; with delineations of the attachments of the muscles, the general and microscopic structure of the bone and its development : to which is added a brief notice of the unity of type in the construction of the vertebrate skeleton / by Luther Holden.

  • Holden, Luther, 1815-1905.
Date:
1857
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Human osteology : comprising a description of the bones ; with delineations of the attachments of the muscles, the general and microscopic structure of the bone and its development : to which is added a brief notice of the unity of type in the construction of the vertebrate skeleton / by Luther Holden. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by Royal College of Physicians, London. The original may be consulted at Royal College of Physicians, London.

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    internal angular process there is the trace of a slight depression, indicating the attachment of the cartilaginous pulley of the supe- rior obliquemuscle of the eye. The orbital plates are separated by a wide gap, called the ethmoidal notch, because it receives the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone, which here fits into the base of the skull (Plate XVII.). On each side of the broken margins of the notch, we observe incomplete cells with thin walls. These cells correspond with, and are closed by, the ethmoidal cells (Plate IX. fig. 2). However, the largest cell of all is in the front; and this, as seen in Plate V. fig. 2, leads into the frontal sinus. All of them are filled with air, and lined by the mucous membrane of the nose. At the front part of the notch, we observe the nasal spine of the frontal bone. This perpendicular projection—which, by the way, is gene- rally broken off in taking the skull to pieces—serves to support the proper nasal bones (Plate XV. fig. 1), and also helps to form the septum of the nose, by uniting with the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone. On either side of it is a little groove which forms part of the roof of the nose (Plate V. fig. 1). Immediately in front of the nasal spine is the jagged surface which receives the nasal bones, and the nasal process of the superior maxillary bone (Plate XIII. fig. 2). Lastly, along the broken margin of the ethmoidal notch, we notice two canals which, with the ethmoid bone, form the anterior and posterior orbital foramina * for the passage of nerves and arteries from the orbit into the nose. The frontal is connected to the two parietal bones by the fronto- parietal or coronal suture (Plate XX. a, fig. 2). Concerning this suture, we must not omit to observe how admirably it locks the bones together, and provides for the security of the arch of the skull. The margin of the frontal-bone is beveled at the expense of its inner table above, but of its outer table below; and the parietal bone is adapted accordingly. Its external angular process is con- nected to the malar bone; its internal angular process, to the nasal bone and nasal process of the superior maxillary. Its orbital plate * The anterior transmits the nasal branch of the opluhalmic nerve and artery; the posterior, the ethmoidal artery and vein.