Volume 3

Ure's dictionary of arts, manufactures, and mines : containing a clear exposition of their principles and practice / by Robert Hunt. ; assisted by F.W. Rudler.

  • Ure, Andrew, 1778-1857.
Date:
1878-1979
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Ure's dictionary of arts, manufactures, and mines : containing a clear exposition of their principles and practice / by Robert Hunt. ; assisted by F.W. Rudler. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    33/1208 (page 25)
    KRTOLITE crude essential oil, but from the prussic acid derived from the distillation of tliecherry- ^^^There is a superior kind of Eirschwasser made in the Black Forest, prepared with fewer kernels, from choice fruit, properly pressed, fermented, and distilled. KIR-WAlfl-ZTz:. A mineral found in basalt on the north-eastern coast oi Ireland, consisting of silica, lime, alumina, and protoxide of iron. KZSH. A workman's name for the crystalline scales of graphite, which separate from certain kinds of cast iron on cooling. Kia-XF£-CX.i:AlffZl«rG 1«ACHIM-ES. Mr. Kent's machine for this purpose consists of a box or case, containing a couple of wooden discs, fixed near to each other upon a horizontal iron rod or spindle, which passes through the case, and is caused to rotate by means of a wincli-handle. Each disc is, for about three-fourths of the area of its inner face, covered with alternate rows of bristles and strips of leather; and the remaining fourth part is covered with bristles only. The knife-blades to be cleaned are introduced through the openings in the case, between the rubbing surfaces of the discs ; and rotatory motion being given to the discs by a winch-handle, the knives are' rapidly cleaned and polished. Mr. Masters constructed knife-cleaning machines upon the same plan as the above; but the rubbing-surface of each disc is formed of strips of buff leather, with only a narrow circle of bristles around the edge of each surface, to clean the shoulders of the knives; small brushes are fixed beneath the holes in the case, through which the blades of the knives are inserted, to prevent the exit of dust from the apparatus. Mr. Price has also devised a machine for cleaning knives, and another for cleaning forks. The knife-cleaner consists of a horizontal drum, covered with pieces of leather or felt, and fixed within another drum or circular framing, lined with leather or felt. The knives are introduced through openings, in a moveable circular plate, at the front of the outer casing, and enter between the surfaces of the two drums. The plate is fixed upon a horizontal axis, which extends through the case, and is furnished at the back with a handle; by turning which the disc is caused to rotate and carry round tha knives between the surfaces of the drums. The fork-cleaner consists of a box, with a long rectangular opening in the side ; behind which two brushes are fixed, face to face. Between these brushes the prongs of the forks are introduced, and the handles are secured in a carrier, which is made to advance and recede alternately by means of a throw-crank, and thereby thnist the prongs into and draw them out of contact with the brushes. The carrier consists of two metal plates, the lower one carrying a cushion of vulcanised India-rubber for the fork handles to rest upon, and the upper being lined with leather; they are hinged together at one end, and are connected at the other, when the handles have been placed between them, by a thumb-screw. XirOXiliS. A mining term in Germany for lead ore separated from the smaller parts. SiO'OPPESIl' are excrescences produced by the puncture of an insect upon the flower-cups of several species of oak. They are compressed or flat, irregularly-pointed, generally prickly and hard; brown when ripe. They abound in Styria, Croatia, Sclavonia, and Katolia; those from the latter country being the best. They contain a great deal of tannin, are much employed in Austria for tanning, and in Germany for dyeing fawn, grey, and black. See Galls. XOFFO-HEMP. The name in the Moluccas for the Manilla hemp, or rather for the fibres of the wild plantain of those islands, the Musa textilis. KOHXi-RABBI. A variety of cabbage {Brassica oleracea), in which the stem enlarges into a fleshy excrescence, resembling a turnip, XOXiA ITTTTS. The bitter seeds of certain species of Stercidia, highly esteemed for their medicinal properties by the tribes on the Niger. KOXTMISS is the name of a liquor which the Kalmucks make by fermenting mare's milk, and from which they distil a favourite intoxicating spirit, called rack or racky. The milk is kept in bottles made of hide till it becomes sour, is shaken till it casts up its cream, and is then set aside in earthen vessels, in a warm place to ferment, no yeast being required, though sometimes a little old koumiss is added, 21 lbs. of milk put into the still afford 14 oz. of low wines, from which 6 oz. of pretty strong alcohol, of an unpleasant flavour, are obtained by rectification. XOTTRXE WOOD. Tiie wood of the New Zealand pine, Bammara Ausiralis, one of the most magnificent of the coniferous woods. It is also called cowdie and kaurie wood. It is much used for the masts of ships. KXlAMERZil. A shrub, which is a native of Peru, yielding the well-known rhatany root, often used as a dentifrice, KItSOSOTE. See Creosote. XRYOZ.ZTX:. See Cryolite.