Volume 2

Primitive culture : researches into the development of mythology, philosophy, religion, language, art and custom / by Edward B. Tylor.

  • Tylor, Edward B. (Edward Burnett), 1832-1917.
Date:
1903
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Primitive culture : researches into the development of mythology, philosophy, religion, language, art and custom / by Edward B. Tylor. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    of some of his multifarious lustrations the Hindu has re¬ course to the sacred cow, but his more frequent medium of removing uncleanness of body and soul is water, the divine waters to which he prays, ‘ Take away, 0 Waters, whatso¬ ever is wicked in me, what I have done by violence or curse, and untruth! ’1 The Parsi religion prescribes a system of lustrations which well shows its common origin with that of Hinduism by its similar use of cow’s urine and of water. Bathing or sprinkling with water, or applications of ‘ nirang ’ washed off with water, form part of the daily religious rites, as well as of such special ceremonies as the naming of the new-born child, the putting on of the sacred cord, the puri¬ fication of the mother after childbirth, the purification of him who has touched a corpse, when the unclean demon, driven by sprinkling of the good water from the top of the head and from limb to limb, comes forth at the left toe and departs like a fly to the evil region of the north. It is, perhaps, the influence of this ancestral religion, even more than the actual laws of Islam, that makes the modern Persian so striking an example of the way in which cere¬ mony may override reality. It is rather in form than in fact that his cleanliness is next to godliness. He carries the principle of removing legal uncleanness by ablution so far, that a holy man will wash his eyes when they have been polluted by the sight of an infidel. He will carry about a water-pot with a long spout for his ablutions, yet he depopu¬ lates the land by his neglect of the simplest sanitary rules, and he may he seen by the side of the little tank where scores of people have been in before him, obliged to clear with his hand a space in the foul scum on the water, before he plunges in to obtain ceremonial purity.2 1 Ward, ‘Hindoos,’ vol. ii. pp. 96, 246, 337; Colebrooke, ‘Essays,’ vol. ii. Wuttke, ‘ Gescli. des Heidentliums,’ vol. ii. p. 378. ‘Rig-Veda,’ i. 22, 23. 2 Avesta, Yendidad, v.-xii.; Lord, in Pinkerton, vol. viii. p. 570 ; Naoroji, ‘ Parsee Religion’; Polak, ‘ Persien,’ vol. i. p. 355, &c., vol. ii. p. 271. Meiners, vol. ii. p. 125.