Triglyceride storage disease.

London : University of London Audio-Visual Centre, 1973.

1 encoded moving image (31.28 min.) : sound, black and white.

00:31:28

University of London

Some restrictions

CC-BY-NC

In English

Presented by Dr David Galton, introduced by Dr Ian Gilliland. Made by University of London Audio-Visual Centre for the British Postgraduate Medical Federation. Produced by Peter Bowen and David Sharp.

This video is one of around 310 titles, originally broadcast on Channel 7 of the ILEA closed-circuit television network, given to Wellcome Trust from the University of London Audio-Visual Centre shortly after it closed in the late 1980s. Although some of these programmes might now seem rather out-dated, they probably represent the largest and most diversified body of medical video produced in any British university at this time, and give a comprehensive and fascinating view of the state of medical and surgical research and practice in the 1970s and 1980s, thus constituting a contemporary medical-historical archive of great interest. The lectures mostly take place in a small and intimate studio setting and are often face-to-face. The lecturers use a wide variety of resources to illustrate their points, including film clips, slides, graphs, animated diagrams, charts and tables as well as 3-dimensional models and display boards with movable pieces. Some of the lecturers are telegenic while some are clearly less comfortable about being recorded; all are experts in their field and show great enthusiasm to share both the latest research and the historical context of their specialist areas.

Segment 1 Opening credits. Dr Gilliland introduces Dr David Galton, consultant physician to St Bartholomew's Hospital, London. Dr Galton introduces the topic, saying he will talk about the hormonal control of lipolysis and the possibility of whether metabolic defects occur on this pathway. First, he explains lipolysis. A diagram shows the relevant body organs, and Galton explains how the organs break down and use fatty acids and how this process can go wrong. He says that the major contribution to blood fatty acids comes from the adipocyte. Time start: 00:00:00:00 Time end: 00:05:44:13 Length: 00:05:44:13

Segment 2 An electron micrograph of a human adipocyte is seen and Galton describes its structure. He also describes the central lipid vacuole, seen in a diagram. A magnification of a triglyceride molecule is seen. Next, Galton explains lipolysis in biochemical terms with the aid of diagrams and charts. Time start: 00:05:44:13 Time end: 00:09:29:12 Length: 00:03:44:24

Segment 3 Galton details the hormonal controls of the metabolic pathway. A flow chart shows how hormonal control of lipolysis is exerted, and Galton explains the process in detail. He then briefly describes how the scheme for triglyceride breakdown is analogous to that for glycogen. A diagram of glycogen breakdown is seen. Time start: 00:09:29:12 Time end: 00:15:20:01 Length: 00:05:50:14

Segment 4 Galton refers back to the hormone control flowchart and discusses research that suggests this system stimulates lipolysis. A graph shows the output of fatty acids and glycerol over an hour from pieces of human adipose tissue incubated in vitro. The rise and fall of cyclic-AMP (a second messenger in biological processes) levels is also seen. Another graph shows that isoprenaline also has an effect on the human adipocyte. Next, Galton talks about the clinical significance of this metabolic pathway. His research team have been studying a large family (a photograph is seen) who appear to have a defect in lipolysis. A family chart is seen, and Galton points out the family members who are obese. Time start: 00:15:20:01 Time end: 00:19:40:18 Length: 00:04:20:17

Segment 5 A chart shows the response of tissue to cyclic-AMP and isoprenaline in a control sample and in samples from family members. Galton discusses the results of the study, comparing obese and normal family members. He says that the research team are looking into where the defect on the family members' metabolic pathway is. Further data has suggested that this family does not fall into the population of normal obese patients. Time start: 00:19:40:18 Time end: 00:25:00:20 Length: 00:05:20:02

Segment 6 Galton continues to discuss the data that suggests that the family members do not fall into the population of normal obese patients. The data is seen on a chart. A slide of a thin layer chromatogram of a normal tissue sample and two obese samples is seen, which Galton analyses to see where the defect occurs. He also discusses the activity of the enzymes protein kinase and triglyceride lipase in relation to the defect in the metabolic pathway. A chart shows the actions of enzymes in various tissue samples, and Galton analyses this data. He concludes the lecture, saying that he has described an important biochemical pathway, vital for the supply of fatty acids to the bloodstream. Time start: 00:25:00:20 Time end: 00:31:28:00 Length: 00:06:27:05