Alanya (Alaya), Turkey. Steel engraving by W. Floyd, 1837, after W.H. Bartlett.

Alanya is a beach resort city and a component district of Antalya Province in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey, 138 km from the city of Antalya. Because of its natural strategic position on a small peninsula in the Mediterranean below the Taurus Mountains, Alanya has been a local stronghold for many Mediterranean-based empires, including the Ptolemaic, Seleucid, Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman empires. Alanya's greatest political importance came in the Middle Ages, with the Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm under the rule of Alaeddin Kayqubad I, from whom the city derives its name. His building campaign resulted in many of the city's landmarks, such as the Kızıl Kule (Red Tower), Tersane (Shipyard), and Alanya Castle. In the engraving, the castle of Alanya is shown in the right foreground, with the city of Alanya rising behind it