Trends in employee health service : Margaret F. McKiever, editor.

  • United States. Public Health Service. Division of Occupational Health.
Date:
1965]
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Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Trends in employee health service : Margaret F. McKiever, editor. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    this type of employee health service: (1) the signing of the first col- lective-bargaining agreement with a health and welfare clause, and (2) the beginning of the first nonprofit prepayment group hospital plans. 1916 Child Labor Act was approved but was declared unconstitu- tional in 1918; the second act passed in 1919 was declared un- constitutional in 1922. 1917 U.S. Supreme Court held that both compulsory and elective types of State workmen’s compensation statutes are valid. Hawaii was the first jurisdiction of the United States to enact occupational disease compensation legislation, followed by Calli- fornia in 1918, and Connecticut and Wisconsin in 1919. College of Business Administration of Boston University of- fered the first course in the country designated particularly for industrial nurses. Vocational Education (Smith-Hughes) Act became effective, followed by the Vocational Rehabilitation Act in 1918. Working Conditions Service of the Department of Labor was established as a cooperative activity with the U.S. Public Health Service Office of Industrial Hygiene and Sanitation. Causes of Death by Occupation by Louis I. Dublin was pub- lished by the Bureau of Labor Statistics: it analyzed the occupational mortality experience of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. for the 3 years 1911-13. At the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Dr. Otto Geier stated: “. . . the average worker receives his first com- plete physical examination in the industrial clinic. He is too often the victim of blind gunshot prescriptions. The indus- trial clinic is teaching him to seek a better type of physician for himself and his family, and in that sense the industrial physician is tending to raise the standard of private practice on the outside.” 1918 Harvard University was the first institution to establish a course of instruction and research leading to degrees in industrial hygiene. This included work in the occupational disease clinic at the Massachusetts General Hospital for students with a med- ical degree. In 1919 the Medical School of the University of Cincinnati established a 1-year course leading to a certificate of public health in industrial medicine. Yale and Johns Hopkins 12